Lies, damn lies and post-truth

Digital media has feasted off Donald Trump’s lies. Nick Lehr/The Conversation, CC BY-SA

Lee McIntyre, Boston University

Most politicians lie.

Or do they?

Even if we could find an isolated example of a scrupulously honest politician—former President Jimmy Carter, perhaps—the question is how to think about the rest of them.

And if most politicians lie, then why are some Americans so hard on President Donald Trump?

According to The Washington Post, Trump has told 6,420 lies so far in his presidency. In the seven weeks before the midterms, his rate increased to 30 per day.

That’s a lot, but isn’t this a difference in degree and not a difference in kind with other politicians?

The Women’s March in Toronto, Canada, January 2018. Shutterstock/Louis.Roth

As a philosopher who studies truth and belief, I don’t think so. Even if most politicians lie, that doesn’t make all lying equal.

Yet the difference in Trump’s prevarication seems to be found not in the quantity or enormity of his lies but in the way that Trump uses his lies to serve a proto-authoritarian political ideology.

I recently wrote a book titled ” Post-Truth” about what happens when “alternative facts” replace actual facts and feelings have more weight than evidence. From this perspective, calling Trump a liar fails to capture his key strategic purpose.

Any amateur politician can engage in lying. Trump is engaging in “post-truth.”

Word of the year

The Oxford English Dictionaries named “post-truth” its word of the year in November 2016, right before the U.S. election.

Citing a 2,000 percent spike in usage – due to Brexit and the American presidential campaign – they defined post-truth as “relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief.”

Ideology, in other words, takes precedence over reality.

When an individual believes their thoughts can influence reality, we call it “magical thinking” and might worry about their mental health. When a government official uses ideology to trump reality, it’s more like propaganda, and it puts us on the road to fascism.

As Yale philosopher Jason Stanley argues, “The key thing is that fascist politics is about identifying enemies, appealing to the in-group (usually the majority group), and smashing truth and replacing it with power.”

Consider the example of Trump’s recent decision not to cancel two political rallies on the same day as the Pittsburgh massacre. He said this was because the New York Stock Exchange was open the day after 9/11.

This isn’t true. The stock exchange stayed closed for six days after 9/11.

So, was this a mistake? A lie? Trump didn’t seem to treat it so. He repeated the falsehood later in the same day.

When a politician is caught lying, there’s usually a bit of sweat, perhaps some shame, and the expectation of consequences.

Not for Trump. After many commentators pointed out that the stock exchange was closed for several days after 9/11, he merely shrugged it off, never bothering to acknowledge his error – let alone correct it.

Why would he do this?

Ideology, post-truth, and power

The point of a lie is to convince someone that a falsehood is true. But the point of post-truth is domination. In my analysis, post-truth is an assertion of power.

As journalist Masha Gessen and others have argued, when Trump lies, he does so not to get someone to accept what he’s saying as true but to show that he is powerful enough to say it.

He has asserted, “I’m the President, and you’re not,” as if such high political office comes with the prerogative of creating his own reality. This would explain why Trump doesn’t care much if videotapes or other evidence contradict him. When you’re the boss, what does that matter?

Should we be worried about this flight from mere lying to post-truth?

Even if all politicians lie, post-truth foreshadows something more sinister. In his influential book “On Tyranny,” historian Timothy Snyder writes, “post-truth is pre-fascism.” This tactic is seen in “electoral dictatorships”—where a society retains the facade of voting without the institutions or trust to ensure that it is an actual democracy, like those in Putin’s Russia or Erdogan’s Turkey.

In this, Trump is following the authoritarian playbook, which is characterized by leaders lying, the erosion of public institutions, and the consolidation of power. You do not need to convince someone that you are telling the truth when you can assert your will over them and dominate their reality.

Lee McIntyre is the author of:

Post-Truth

Lee McIntyre, Research Fellow Center for Philosophy and History of Science, Boston University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.